Question

The plants which grow on land and need moderate amount of water is called as
A) Xerophytes
B) Pteridophytes
C) Hydrophytes
D) Mesophytes

Answer 1

During the Ordovician period, land plants first emerged, more than 500 million years ago. A gradual development of physical structures and reproductive mechanisms such as vascular tissue, seed production, and flowering has led to the evolution of plants. In an analysis of the fossil record in the sense of the underlying geological sediments, paleobotanists trace the evolution of plant morphology.

Complete answer:
A xerophyte is a plant species that has been modified to live in a setting with little liquid water, such as a desert or an area covered by ice or snow in the Alps or the Arctic. The morphology and physiology of xerophytes are variously adapted during dry periods to preserve water, and typically even to store large amounts of water. Other species may be adapted to survive long periods of tissue desiccation, during which they may effectively shut down their metabolic activity.
Plants with such adaptations to morphology and physiology are xeromorphic. So in order to minimise water loss by transpiration, xerophytes have very small leaves or spines. Marine plants are plants that have adapted to aquatic living conditions (saltwater or freshwater). They are also known as macrophytes or hydrophytes. In a broad interpretation of the term, pteridophytes or pteridophytes are vascular plants (xylem and phloem plants) that reproduce and disperse through spores.
They are referred to as cryptogams because they create neither flowers nor seeds. Mesophytes are terrestrial plants that are not suited to an especially dry or humid climate. A rural temperate meadow, which may include goldenrod, clover, oxeye daisy, and Rosa multiflora, may be an example of a mesophytic ecosystem. Thus, option D is right and other alternatives are incorrect.

Thus the correct answer is option (D) Mesophytes.

Note: Mesophytes are land plants that have characteristics that are equivalent to both hydrophytes and xerophytes. These grow under optimal conditions, where the water concentration and temperature are not too high and not too low. In mesophytic plants, both the vascular and mechanical tissue are highly developed and differentiated.