Question

The planet Jupiter has a mass 318 times of earth and its surface temperature is 140K. Mercury planet has a mass 0.05 times of earth and its surface temperature is between 600 to 700K. On which planet is the atmosphere more likely to obey ideal gas?

Answer 1

Hint : First we have to know about ideal gas law. It is also called the general gas equation. The ideal gas law states that the pressure, temperature, and volume of gas are related to each other. The ideal gas equation is
$PV = nRT$
Where
P=pressure
V=volume
n=amount of substance
R=ideal gas constant
T=temperature.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
The ideal gas law is a combination of three laws; Charles law, Boyle’s law and Avogadro’s law.
Charles Law states that, at constant pressure, the volume V of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature T.
$\dfrac{V}{T} = k$
Where k is a constant.
Boyle’s law states that at constant temperature, the pressure P of a gas varies inversely with its volume V.
$PV = k$
Where k is a constant.
Avogadro’s law states that equal volumes V of all gases, at the same temperature and pressure, have the same number of molecules n.
$Vn = k$
Where k is a constant.
Gases deviate from ideal behaviour at high pressure and low temperature since under these conditions gas molecules are closer together and the chances of interactions increase.
Since Jupiter has the highest pressures and lower temperatures, deviations are more likely to occur here. Hence the atmosphere on the planet mercury is more likely to obey ideal gas law.

Note :
It is called the ideal gas law because ideal gas molecules do not attract or repel each other. The only interaction between ideal gas molecules would be an elastic collision upon impact with each other or an elastic collision with the walls of the container. The gases that do not obey ideal gas law are known as Real gases.