Question

The part of the electromagnetic spectrum which is suitable for radar systems used in aircraft navigation:

A: X-Rays
B: Gamma rays
C: Microwaves or short radio waves.
D: Ultraviolet

Answer 1

Radio Detection And Ranging, also known as RADAR is an electronic system that helps to measure the range and the bearing of the objects with the help of the transmission of electromagnetic pulse at the object and noting its echo.

Complete step by step answer:
Radar systems transmit the electromagnetic energy and analyse the energy that bounces back to the source. In such a scenario, it is usually preferred to have an electromagnetic radiation with a comparatively lower value of wavelength. This is because lower the value of wavelength, lower dispersion of energy during long distance communication.
Microwaves are electromagnetic waves of frequency range 1 GHz to 300 GHz. As they are waves of comparatively low wavelengths, their signals can be transmitted as beams in a specific direction. Along with this, microwaves don’t have the tendency to bend around corners of the obstacles that intrude their path. Radio waves are electromagnetic waves that can be easily transmitted through air. They can be reflected and refracted. Hence, their reflection helps us to detect the presence of obstacles.
Considering the other three frequencies: x-rays, gamma rays and ultraviolet rays, they have larger wavelengths and hence, are not suitable for propagation without energy loss.
Hence, microwaves and short radio waves are used for radar systems used in aircraft navigation.
Option C is the correct answer among the options.

Note: Other applications of microwave include point-to-point communication links, satellite and spacecraft communication, remote sensing, cancer treatment, ovens etc.
Applications of radio wave include TV, broadcast radio, navigation, air-traffic control, telephony, etc,