Question

The number of protons, electrons and neutrons in the nucleus of ${}_{13}A{l^{27}}$ is:
a.) 13, 13, 14
b.) 13, 0, 14
c.) 14, 14, 13
d.) 14, 0, 13

Answer 1

In order to solve the given problem and find the number of protons, electrons and the neutrons of the given atom, first we will understand the representation of an atom. Further we will see the relation between the mass number, atomic number and the count of different components in the atom. On the basis of these relations we will find the number of protons, neutrons and electrons.

Complete step by step answer:
In the above problem, the given atom ${}_{13}A{l^{27}}$ is the aluminium atom. The given atom is the isotope of aluminium. We know that in such types of representation. The number above the symbol represents the mass number of the atom and the number below the atom represents the atomic number of the atom.
For the given case of aluminium
Atomic number: 13
Mass number: 27
Now let us see the relation between atomic number, mass number and the numbers of protons, electrons and neutrons.
We know that the number of electrons in the atom of the element = number of protons in the atom of the element = atomic number of the element.
Also we know that number of neutrons in the atom of the element = mass number – atomic number of the element.
So, using the above formula let us find out each one.
Number of protons in the atom of the given element = atomic number
=13
Number of electrons in the atom of the given element = atomic number
=13
Number of neutrons in the atom of the given element = mass number – atomic number
=27-13
=14
Hence, the number of protons, electrons and neutrons in the nucleus of ${}_{13}A{l^{27}}$ is: 13, 13, 14.
So, the correct answer is “Option A”.

Note: In order to solve such types of problems students must remember the relations between the mass and atomic number and the number of different components which is also mentioned above. Students must always keep in mind that the number of electrons is the same as the number of protons. The mass number can be found out as the sum of the number of protons and neutrons as the mass of the atom comprises mostly the mass of neutrons and protons as the mass of electrons is negligible compared to the others.