Question

The number of nodal planes present in ${\sigma ^*}s$ antibonding orbitals is:
A.1
B.2
C.3
D.0

Answer 1

An atomic orbital is a mathematical feature in atomic theory and quantum mechanics that describes the position and wave-like action of an electron in an atom. This function can be used to determine the likelihood of having any atom's electron in any given area around the nucleus.

Complete answer: In-phase variations of atomic wave functions form bonding molecular orbitals, and electrons in these orbitals stabilise a molecule. Out-of-phase variations of atomic wave functions provide antibonding molecular orbitals, and electrons in these orbitals make a molecule less stable. MOs are molecular orbitals that are situated around an internuclear axis. They can be made from s orbitals or p orbitals that are oriented end-to-end. Molecular orbitals, which are formed by aligning p orbitals side by side, have electron density on opposite sides of the internuclear axis and are referred to as $\pi$ orbitals.
The nodal plane is a plane that goes around a nucleus and has a near-zero chance of finding an electron. The number of nodal planes for each orbital is equal to the azimuthal quantum number, which is symbolised by the letter "l."
${\sigma ^*}$(sigma star) antibonding orbitals of homo nuclear diatomic molecules have no nodal planes passing through the two nuclei, similar to sigma bonds, and ${\pi ^*}$ (pi star) antibonding orbitals have one nodal plane passing through the two nuclei, similar to pi bonds. No two electrons in an interacting system may have the same quantum state, according to the Pauli exclusion theorem. Any additional electrons will occupy antibonding orbitals if the bonding orbitals are filled. In the $H{e_2}$ molecule, both the $1s{\sigma ^*}$ and $1s\sigma$ orbitals are filled, resulting in this.
Hence option D is correct.

Note:
Any orbitals in molecules with several atoms can be delocalized over more than two atoms. A molecular orbital may be bonding with certain neighbouring pairs of atoms when antibonding with others. The MO is said to be bonding if the bonding interactions outnumber the antibonding interactions, while the molecular orbital is said to be antibonding if the antibonding interactions outnumber the bonding interactions.