Question

The name of reaction is:
${C_6}{H_6} + C{H_3}Cl\xrightarrow{{anhyd.AlC{l_3}}}{C_6}{H_5}C{H_3} + HCl$
A.Gattermann
B.Reimer-tiemann
C. Friedel craft
D.Cannizzaro

Answer 1

The above reaction is alkylation of the benzene ring. It is preceded by electrophilic aromatic substitution. In the reaction a methyl group is attached to a benzene ring and forms toluene. This reaction takes place in the presence of strong lewis acid such as aluminium chloride.

Complete answer:
The above reaction is friedel craft alkylation reaction. In Friedel craft alkylation, a substitute that is an alkyl group gets attached to the benzene ring. Friedel craft reaction takes place when benzene ring is treated with an alkyl halide in the presence of a strong lewis acid such as anhydrous aluminium trichloride, ferric chloride etc.
The general reactions is represented as:
$R + R'Cl\xrightarrow{{lewis acid}}R - R' + HCl$
Where, $R$ is the benzene ring and $R'$ represents the alkyl group which has to be attached to the benzene ring.

Hence, Option C is correct.

Note:
There is one more friedel craft reaction that is friedel craft acylation. In the friedel craft acylation reaction acylation of aromatic rings takes place. Here, instead of alkyl halide acyl chlorides are used. It also takes place in the presence of a strong lewis acid such as aluminium trichloride etc. in friedel craft acylation ketone is formed. It is also done with acid anhydrides. This reaction is better than the alkylation reaction. Due to the electron-withdrawing effect of the carbonyl group, the ketone product is always less reactive than the original molecule, so multiple acylations do not occur and there are no carbocation rearrangements, as the acylium ion is stabilized by a resonance structure in which the positive charge is on the oxygen.