Question

The liquid field metal expanding on solidification.
A.Ga
B.Al
C.Zn
D.Ca

Answer 1

Let us first understand about solidification. Solidification, also known as freezing, is a phase shift of matter that produces a solid. When the temperature of a liquid is dropped below its freezing point, this happens. When a liquid turns into a solid, it is almost always an exothermic phase, meaning heat is emitted.

Complete answer:
Field's metal, also known as Field's alloy, is a fusible alloy that melts at $62$ degrees Celsius ($144$ degrees Fahrenheit).$\;{1^{st}}$ Simon Quellen Field, the inventor, was given the name. It's a eutectic alloy of bismuth, indium, and tin with $32.5$ percent bismuth, $51$ percent indium, and $16.5$ percent tin mass fractions.
Field's metal can be melted in hot water until it has been prepared. Field's metal is expensive because it’s main ingredient, indium, is also expensive, costing about twice as much as silver. It is much less toxic than Wood's metal because it does not contain lead or cadmium. It can be used for die casting in small batches and rapid prototyping.
Gallium (Ga) is a soft, silvery metal with a high melting point. It has a melting point of $30$ degrees Celsius. When this metal solidifies, it expands by $3.1$ percent, so it should not be contained in glass or metal containers.

Hence, option (A) is correct.

Note:
The use of this alloy as a liquid metal coolant in advanced nuclear power device designs has been investigated. Researchers in nanotechnology are also interested in Field's metal. Mercury (Hg), which is molten above $38.8{\text{ }}^\circ C{\text{ }}\left( {234.3{\text{ }}K,{\text{ }}37.9{\text{ }}^\circ F} \right),$is the most well-known. Others include caesium (Cs), which melts at $28.5{\text{ }}^\circ C{\text{ }}\left( {83.3{\text{ }}^\circ F} \right),$rubidium (Rb) ($39{\text{ }}^\circ C{\text{ }}\left[ {102{\text{ }}^\circ F} \right]$), francium (Fr) (estimated at $8.0{\text{ }}^\circ C{\text{ }}\left[ {46{\text{ }}^\circ F} \right]),$and gallium (Ga) ($30{\text{ }}^\circ C{\text{ }}[86{\text{ }}^\circ F$]).