Question

The largest gene in man is
A. Insulin gene.
B. Tumour suppressor gene
C. Beta globin gene of haemoglobin
D. Dystrophin

Answer 1

Hint:- The nucleotide sequence which is responsible for coding proteins and RNA is known as a gene.Gene expression involves copying of DNA to RNA first. The formation of RNA from the DNA is known as transcription. Then proteins are synthesised from the RNA by the ribosome by a process called
translation.

Complete step-by-step solution:-
A.Chromosome 11 comprises the insulin gene at its short arm. It is a single gene which is
responsible for encoding the insulin hormone. Insulin is a peptide hormone that actively takes
part in the metabolism of glucose. A precursor of a protein called pre-insulin forms the insulin.
B. Tumour suppressor gene is also known as anti-oncogene. The major function of this gene is the
suppression of cancer formation ( Cancer is the unnatural growth of the cell). BRCA1/BRCA2
genes are the example of a tumour suppressor gene.
C. Chromosome 11 carries out the beta-globin gene at p15.5 position. a Beta globin gene is
composed of 5 genes. Beta globin gene is responsible for producing the beta part of the
haemoglobin. Haemoglobin is a protein, located within the red blood cell and capable of binding
with the oxygen.D. The largest gene of the human body is the dystrophin gene. The dystrophin gene is composed of79 exons. Chromosome X carries

Note:-
Dystrophin is a protein which comprises a rod shape. It is the major component of a protein complex known as a dystrophin-associated protein complex or costa mere. The important function of dystrophin is the binding of the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix of the muscle fibre.