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Chemistry Question on Organic Chemistry- Some Basic Principles and Techniques

The IUPAC name of the following compound is :

A

2-Methyl-3Hydroxypentan-5-oic acid

B

4,4-Dimethyl-3-hydroxy butanoic acid

C

3-Hydroxy-4 -methylpentanoic acid

D

4-Methyl-3-hydroxypentanoic acid

Answer

3-Hydroxy-4 -methylpentanoic acid

Explanation

Solution

The correct option is(C): 3-Hydroxy-4 -methylpentanoic acid

The given compound is a carboxylic acid with a hydroxy group and a methyl group attached to its carbon chain. To determine its IUPAC name, let's break down the structure and identify the substituents:

  1. The main carbon chain contains five carbons, so it's a pentanoic acid.
  2. There is a hydroxy group (-OH) attached to the third carbon. This is indicated by the prefix "hydroxy" and the position number "3."
  3. There is a methyl group (-CH3) attached to the fourth carbon. This is indicated by the prefix "methyl" and the position number "4."

Putting it all together, the IUPAC name of the compound is "3-Hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid."

Justification:

  • "3" indicates the position of the hydroxy group.
  • "Hydroxy" indicates the presence of the hydroxy group.
  • "4" indicates the position of the methyl group.
  • "Methyl" indicates the presence of the methyl group.
  • "Pentanoic acid" indicates the main carbon chain and the carboxylic acid functional group.