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Question: The IUPAC name of \({\text{Xe[Pt}}{{\text{F}}_{\text{6}}}{\text{]}}\) is: A.Hexafluoroplatinate (V...

The IUPAC name of Xe[PtF6]{\text{Xe[Pt}}{{\text{F}}_{\text{6}}}{\text{]}} is:
A.Hexafluoroplatinate (VI) Xenon
B.Xenon hexafluoroplatinate (V)
C.Xenon hexafluoroplatinate (VI)
D.Xenonium hexafluoride platinum (V)

Explanation

Solution

Here the complex part of the compound is an anion.so we will follow the anion rules to find the IUPAC name of the compound. And the cation part of the compound will write at the starting of the compound.

Complete step by step solution:
First of all let us talk about the complex compound and the oxidation number of an element.
Complex compound: These are substances in which the central metal atom is surrounded by non-metal atoms or groups of atoms (known as ligands). They are joined together by chemical bonds.
Oxidation number of an element: It is defined as the total number of electrons that an atom accepts or loses in order to make a chemical bond which results in the formation of a chemical compound. If an element accepts electrons then oxidation number will be negative and if element donates electron then its oxidation number will be positive.
Here in the question we are given with the compound Xe[PtF6]{\text{Xe[Pt}}{{\text{F}}_{\text{6}}}{\text{]}}. Here we can see that the platinum atom is surrounded by six fluoride atoms. So it is a complex compound.
Now we can see that the complex part i.e. [PtF6]−{{\text{[Pt}}{{\text{F}}_{\text{6}}}{\text{]}}^ - } is an anion. And the rule for the IUPAC nomenclature of anion complex is as follows:
1.Write the name of the cation.
2.Write the name of the ligand (i.e. the atoms or group of atoms which are attached to the central metal atom) indicating the number of molecules/ atoms such as di, tri, etc. ending the name of the ligand with suffix –o.
3.And then write the name of the central metal atom with the suffix –ate and at last write the oxidation number of the central metal atom in the brackets.
Here the oxidation number of platinum is 55 because the anion has charge −1 - 1. And the charge on each fluorine atom is −1 - 1. So the charge on the platinum is +5 + 5.
So the IUPAC name of the compound Xe[PtF6]{\text{Xe[Pt}}{{\text{F}}_{\text{6}}}{\text{]}} will be as: Xenon hexafluoroplatinate (V).

Hence, option B is correct.

Note: If a compound has net charge either positive or negative then the sum of all charges in the compound will be equal to that net charge on the compound. By using this concept we can calculate the oxidation number of elements in charged species.