Question

The isthmus which connects the right and left lobes of the thyroid gland is located from tracheal cartilages.
(a) ${ 1 }^{ st }$ to ${ 3 }^{ rd }$
(b) ${ 2 }^{ nd }$ to ${ 4 }^{ th }$
(c) ${ 5 }^{ th }$ to ${ 7 }^{ th }$
(d) ${ 6 }^{ th }$ to ${ 8 }^{ th }$

Answer 1

The thyroid gland present in the lower neck secretes thyroxine and triiodothyronine hormones that help in the growth and development of the brain, nervous system, bone, and body.

Complete answer:
The thyroid is an endocrine gland present in the neck consisting of two lobes connected. Two-thirds part of the loaves is connected by the thyroid Isthmus which is a thin band of tissues. The thyroid is located at Adam’s Apple which is present in front of the neck. It secretes some hormones such as triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and peptide hormone. It influences Protein synthesis and metabolic rate. The thyroid gland helps with growth and development in children. They are activated until puberty in human beings. Their structure is composed of two lobes at the right and two lobes at the left that are connected via isthmus, a small thin structure that is attached to the tracheal rings at ${ 2 }^{ nd }$ to ${ 4 }^{ th }$ position and thus forms a specialized shape of the gland which can be either U-shape or H-shape.
-Growth at the end of the childhood and during puberty is controlled by the thyroxine hormone and somatotropic hormone.
-The pituitary glands release the thyroid hormones that are located at the base of the brain.
-The thyroxine hormone and triiodothyronine hormone are the two types of thyroid hormones.
-They help in performing various metabolic functions and are made up of iodine.
-The goiter is the swelling in the neck region that occurs due to the deficiency of iodine in the body called hyperthyroidism.
-Thyroid hormones are responsible for the growth and development of the body through cell division, differentiation, and elongation.

So, the correct answer is ‘${ 2 }^{ nd }$ to ${ 4 }^{ th }$’.

Note:
Edward Calvin Kendall was the first to isolate the thyroxine hormone in the year 1925. The growth hormone was first synthesized through the purification process by Choh Hao Li. In 1981, Genentech first introduced the recombinant human growth hormone, and that was the first time when the growth hormones were first used.