Question

The instrument by which B.P. of a man is determined is
a) Sphygmomanometer
b) Cardiograph
c) Ultrasound
d) Stethoscope

Answer 1

The blood pressure of a person is measured in order to determine the continuous flow of blood and to determine the systolic and diastolic pressure in the arteries. In order to keep the heart in good condition blood pressure should be kept controlled within the range that is 80/120.

Complete answer:
An instrument which is used to measure the blood pressure of the human is called a sphygmomanometer. It used to determine the pressure of the blood flowing in the arteries.
The sphygmomanometer is of two types which is manual based and the automatic machine. The instrument has an inflatable rubber cuff present which is wrapped on the arm of the patient. The pressure in the cuff is increased to a level more than the normal systolic pressure and is then released slowly. When the cuff pressure decreases to the level of systolic pressure it leads to the flow of blood in the artery. As the blood passes through the cuff region the sound of turbulence can be heard which can be heard clearly using a stethoscope. The cuff pressure is then recorded. The pressure falls below the diastolic pressure and it leads to less amount of sound produced by the blood till it completely disappears. At this point the diastolic pressure is measured by the device. These blood flow sounds are called Korotkoff sounds.
-Cardiograph is an instrument which is used to record the movements of the heart. It is usually placed on the chest above the heart and it then registers the data in a graph format.
-Ultrasound is used by the doctors to study the internal structure of the organs using high frequency sound waves. It is also used to check the development of the embryo inside the uterus of a female.
-Stethoscope is an instrument used by doctors to hear the sound produced by the heart and lungs. It is used both on humans and animals. It is useful in determining the congestion in lungs and can also hear faulty heartbeats.

So, the answer is ‘sphygmomanometer’.

Note:
The sphygmomanometer used mostly are the digital ones which do not need manual readings of the blood sounds. These sphygmomanometers are considered to be less accurate than the manual-based sphygmomanometer. To finalize the reading manual-based sphygmomanometer are used.