Question

The incident ray, the normal at the point of incidence and the refracted ray:
(A) lie on mutually orthogonal planes
(B) lie on mutually parallel planes
(C) lie on the same plane
(D) lie on different arbitrary planes

Answer 1

The incident ray, the normal at the point of incidence and the refracted ray, all lie according to the law of refraction. Refraction has two laws. In refraction, light bends at a certain angle and passes through the medium at a certain angle.

Complete step by step solution: The incident ray, the normal at the point of incidence and the refracted ray all lie on the same plane, which can be validated by law of refraction. According to law of reflection
The ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is a constant. This is also known as Snell’s law of refraction.
The incident ray refracted the ray, and all normal to the interface of the two media at the point of incidence lie on the same plane.

Thus option (C) is correct

Additional Information: Refraction is the bending of a wave when it passes from one medium to another. Bending is caused by the density difference between two substances. Refraction is the change in the direction of a wave going from one medium to another. Refraction of light is one of the most commonly observed phenomena, but refraction is also experienced in other waves such as sound waves and water waves.
The law of refraction, commonly known as Snell's law, governs the behavior of light-rays as they propagate in a sharp interface between two transparent dielectric media. According to Snell’s law the ratio of sine to incidence and transmission angles is equal to the ratio of the refractive index of the material at the interface, i.e.,
$\dfrac{{\sin {\text{ i}}}}{{\sin {\text{ r}}}} = {\text{ n, }} {\text{where n is the refractive index of the denser medium}}$.

This law was discovered in 1621 by Dutch astronomer and mathematician Williford Snell.

Note: Refraction is responsible for a vast range of optical phenomena ranging from the action of the lens to the transmission of sound through optical fibers. The change of direction (called tilt) of a light beam when it undergoes a variation in matter is called refraction.
For example, when we look at the fish tank we may observe the same fish appearing to be in two different places, this is because light coming from the fish to us changes direction when it leaves the tank, and so it seems to be at two different places.