Question

The improved trait in golden rice is
A. High glycine content
B. High protein content
C. Insect resistance
D. High vitamin A content

Answer 1

Golden Rice is a variety of rice synthesized by genetic engineering. It was synthesized from normal rice by Ingo Potrykus and Peter Beyer in the 1990s to promote good health to human beings. Golden Rice contains multiple gene biological mechanisms with its genome.

Complete step by step answer:
Golden rice is produced by a genetic engineered method to synthesize beta carotene, a Vitamin A precursor in biological means. It is aimed to create secure food to be cultivated and ingested in areas where a nutritional deficiency of vitamin A occurs, a deficiency that's still projected to eliminate 670,000 children under five years of age each year to cause an extra 500,000 lifelong cases of childhood blindness. Rice is a major food crop for more than half the world’s population delivering 30–72 percent of the caloric intake for people.
So, the correct option is (D).

Additional Information:
Beta-carotene is naturally contained by one of hundreds of plants and it has a yellow-orange hue. Carotenoids are essential micronutrients for mankind since they are the precursors for substances required for metabolism. Human species convert beta-carotene, also classified as pro-vitamin A into vitamin A, which would be critical for the production of retinal and retinoic acid. Therefore, if people do not even have access to beta-carotene-containing foods, they tend to consume cereal crops such as rice, wheat or sorghum. Deficiency of carotenoids brings humans at the risk of blindness and illness. There's another step in the evolution of Golden Rice. Scientists may get all three of the genes to function together. By integrating the different genes, beta-carotene could be produced by rice endosperm.

Note:
Golden Rice is credited for its golden hue that is caused by beta-carotene. Regular rice, Oryza sativa doesn't really produce beta-carotene with its endosperm, the starchy and much of the rice seed, which would be primarily white-coloured. The bioavailability of beta carotene from golden rice through genetic modification has been confirmed and has even been found being an important source of vitamin A for mankind.