Question

The glycolysis pathway was invented by
(A) Calvin
(B) Kreb
(C) J.C Bose
(D) None of the above

Answer 1

Glycolysis is also known as the EMP pathway and this name EMP was created as this was the first letter of the surname of three scientists who discovered the glycolysis pathway.

Complete answer:
Glycolysis is also known as the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP) pathway, which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that is oxygen-independent. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates or suggests that it's an ancient metabolic pathway.

Additional Information:
Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose ${ C }_{ 6 }{ H }_{ 12 }{ O }_{ 6 }$, into pyruvate, ${ CH }3{ CO }{ COO }^{ - }$ (pyruvic acid), and a hydrogen ion, ${ H }^{ +}$. The free energy which is released in this process is used to form the high-energy molecules ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide). Glycolysis is a sequence of 10 enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Most monosaccharides, for example, fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates can be directly useful rather than just utilized as steps in the overall reaction. For example, the intermediate form is dihydroxyacetone phosphate, which is a source of glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.
-The glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases:
-The preparatory phase – In this phase ATP is consumed.
-The pay off phase – In this phase ATP is produced.
-Glycolysis does not need or consume oxygen, it generally occurs during anaerobic respiration.
So, the correct answer is ‘None of the above’.

Note: - Melvin Calvin with James Bassham and Andrew Benson at the University of California discovered the Calvin cycle in 1950.
- Sir Hans Adolf Krebs discovered the Kreb cycle which is also known as the TCA cycle.
- J.C Bose invented the crescograph. It is a device for measuring the growth of plants.