Question

The given diagram is the anatomy of

A. Dicot root
B. Dicot stem
C. Monocot stem
D. Monocot root

Answer 1

Angiosperms, consists of about 2,00,000 species, are the most diversified group in the plant kingdom. This involves herbs, shrubs, and trees, which reproduce by seeds sexually. There are two types of angiosperms, monocot and dicot species, depending on the number of cotyledons in the seed. The diagram is the anatomy of plants whose seeds have a single cotyledon.

Complete answer: The monocot stem, with no secondary growth, is typically hollow. Monocot and dicot stem anatomy are identical, but some noteworthy distinctions are as follows:
a) Sclerenchyma cells make up the hypodermis of the cortex in monocots.
b) There are several vascular bundles surrounded by the ground tissue, but dispersed, conjoined and closed.
c) Parenchyma Phloem is absent.
d) Monocotyledons are grass and grass-like flowering plants, generally referred to as monocots, the seeds of which usually contain only one embryonic leaf or cotyledon.
From the transverse section, the outer single-layered epidermis with cuticle and stomata, sclerenchyma hypodermis, large, broad parenchymatous ground tissue is shown in the given diagram. Scattered bundles are arranged in this vascular group. So, it is called atactostele, the stele. Sclerenchyma fibres are externally surrounded by vascular bundles. So, they are called vascular fibro bundles and are conjoint, collateral closed with endarch xylem. The lacuna of protoxylem is present. So, the diagram given is monocot stem anatomy.
Hence, the correct answer is option C.

Note: Monocot plants have a typical root system. It has the outermost layer, followed by the cortex, pericycle, endodermis, vascular bundles (xylem and phloem) and pith, forms the epidermis, but in the dicot, it is random in order.