Question

The function of glyoxysome is
A. Protein metabolism
B. Carbohydrate metabolism
C. Fat metabolism
D. Protein synthesis

Answer 1

Many single membrane-bound minute vesicles called microbodies that contain various enzymes are present in both plant and animal cells, they are associated with oxidation reactions other than those of respiration These include Peroxisomes , Sphaerosomes, Glyoxysomes.

Complete answer:
Glyoxysomes: Glyoxysomes were discovered by Tolbert and Beevers. These originate from ER and are bounded by a single membrane. These contain enzymes for the glyoxylate cycle through which fats are converted into carbohydrates (gluconeogenesis). These are found in germinating seeds, especially in germinating fatty seeds (such as castor seed, groundnut seed, etc.), where insoluble lipid food reserves must be turned into soluble sugars for the growing tip. Animals cannot execute this conversion because they do not possess glyoxylate enzymes.
Now let us match this with given options:
Protein metabolism: Ribosomes are the organelle that are involved in synthesis of protein and also involved in the metabolism of protein . They are involved in the translation of protein.
Carbohydrate metabolism: smooth endoplasmic reticulum are primarily concerned with the formation of lipids. They are involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates.
Fat metabolism: glyoxysomes contain enzymes for the glyoxylate cycle through which fats are converted into carbohydrates (gluconeogenesis). So they are involved in fat metabolism.
Protein synthesis: Ribosomes are the organelle that are involved in synthesis of protein and also involved in the metabolism of protein . They are involved in the translation of protein.

Our required answer is C) fat metabolism.

Note: Peroxisomes: They have enzymes for peroxide biosynthesis. These occur in most of the animals and plants, but are quite common in photosynthetic cells where these perform photorespiration. For this, they are associated with chloroplasts and mitochondria. They possess peroxide producing (glycolate oxidase). as well as peroxide destroying enzymes (catalase).