Question

The function of centrosome is
a. Inhibition of cell division
b. Initiates cell division
c. To increase protein synthesis
d. None of the above

Answer 1

The process of cell division are complex processes that occur in the living cells and produce daughter cells. In this process, various cell structures are involved such as the centrosome. The centrosomes consist of two centrioles that are arranged at right angles to each other.

Complete answer:
Centrosomes are organelles that are present inside the cells especially in the animal cells. It serves as the main microtubule center of the cells. They are made of the arrangement of a cluster of microtubules known as the centrioles and complex proteins. It comprises two perpendicular centrioles. The centrioles are arranged at a right angle placed to each other. The two centrioles are often referred to as mother centrioles and daughter centrioles. They are linked together by interconnecting fibres.

The centrosomes consist of a complex of proteins which aids in the formation of microtubules. The proteins allow the start and ending of the microtubule formation.

During the cell division, the chromosomes are lined up and are pulled through the spindle fibres. The centrosomes are responsible for the formation of the microtubules and spindle fibres which are important during the process of cell division. The centrosomes further migrate to the opposite pole and work to direct the pull of the spindle fibres.

The centrosomes are also referred to as the microtubule organizing center of the cell. They serve to direct the different movement of the microtubules and the other structural proteins. During the cell division, the centrosomes create the mitotic spindle fibres which ultimately separates the daughter cells. It also promotes changes in the shapes of the cell membranes and allows pinching of the single parent cell to form two daughter cells. The other important function of the centrosome is in the process of change of shapes of the animal cell membranes during the process of phagocytosis.

Hence, the correct answer is option (D).

Note: The centrosomes are the main microtubule organizing center of the cell and play an important role in the process of cell division. It also acts as a regulator of the cell cycle progression. In animal cells, it also helps in changes in the shape of the cell membranes. In plant cells and fungi, they are not so much important as these cells do not change shapes due to the rigid cell wall.