Question

The formula of Sodium nitroprusside is:
a.) $N{a_4}[Fe{(CN)_5}NOS]$
b.) $N{a_2}[Fe{(CN)_5}NO]$
c.) $N{a_2}Fe[Fe{(CN)_6}]$
d.) $N{a_2}[Fe{(CN)_6}N{O_2}]$

Answer 1

You can start by giving a brief introduction of nitroprusside and write down its formula. Then write in brief about how it is prepared. Follow it up by explaining the uses of sodium nitroprusside in the medical field.

Complete step by step answer:
Sodium nitroprusside is more commonly known as nitropress. The formula of Sodium nitroprusside is $N{a_2}[Fe{(CN)_5}NO]$ .
We can prepare Sodium nitroprusside by mixing potassium ferrocyanide in water with nitric acid, which is followed by neutralizing it with sodium carbonate. The reactions are as follows:
${K_4}[Fe{(CN)_6}] + 6HN{O_3}\xrightarrow{{}}{H_2}[Fe{(CN)_5}(NO)] + C{O_2} + N{H_4}N{O_3} + 4KN{O_3}$
${H_2}[Fe(CN)NO] + N{a_2}C{O_3}\xrightarrow{{}}N{a_2}[Fe{(CN)_5}(NO)] + C{O_2} + {H_2}O$

Sodium nitroprusside is used to lower the blood pressure of patients. Aside from this, it is given in cases of hypertensive crises by using intravenous methods (a method that delivers the fluids directly into its veins). It is also used sometimes to artificially induce hypotension during some surgical procedures.
Sodium nitroprusside is also used to detect the presence of methyl ketones, amines, and thiols. In the above reactions, it acts as an analytical reagent under the name nitroferricyanide. The nitroprusside reaction is used in the identification of ketones in urine testing. This test is very useful as it is used to detect ketonuria (a medical condition in which ketone bodies are found in the urine).
So, the correct answer is “Option B”.

Note: Sodium nitroprusside is also used as a vasodilator (they are medications that open or dilate blood vessels in the body by acting on the muscles in the walls of arteries and veins). Its first documented use was in 1928. In 1955, after multiple studies, the safety of sodium nitroprusside was confirmed and it became more widely available.