Question

The flightless bird among the following is
A. Columba
B. Neophron
C. Struthio
D. Corvus

Answer 1

The ability of birds to fly was developed through the evolution of feathers and wings along with other morphological and physiological adaptations. Apart from the straight-forward flying, some birds can hover, fly backward, fly upside down, and many species have the endurance to fly for several days on long distance migrations. Flightless birds are birds that lost the ability to fly through evolution.

Complete Answer:
- Columba is a common pigeon. The large bird genus Columba consists of a group of medium to large pigeons. They are gentle, small billed birds with a skin saddle between the bill and forehead. They have long wings and powerful muscles. They are very strong, swift fliers. They were once used as messengers because of their natural homing abilities. Almost all of them are similar in spindle-shaped bodies. The body is visible in three regions, head, neck, and trunk. Most of the body is covered with feathers. Their head is small and anteriorly pointed. Pigeons also possess a well-developed exoskeletal and endoskeletal structures.

- The Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus), also called the white scavenger vulture or pharaoh's chicken is a small Old World vulture and the only member of the genus Neophron. It is widely distributed from the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa to India. The characteristic underwing pattern and wedge-shaped tail make it distinctive in flight as it soars in thermals during the warmer parts of the day. The wings are pointed, with the third primary being the longest. The adult's plumage is white, with black flight feathers present in the wings.

- Ostriches are the members of the genus Struthio. It is a diverse group of flightless birds also known as ratites that include the emus, rheas, and kiwis. The ostrich relies on its strong legs that are uniquely two-toned, with the main toe developed almost as a hoof to escape its enemies.

- The genus Corvus includes species commonly known as crows, ravens, and rooks. Birds of this genus can fly. Crows are now considered to be among the world's most intelligent animals with an EQ equal to that of many non-human primates.

Hence, the correct option is C, “Struthio”.

Note: A frightened ostrich can achieve a speed of 72.5 km (45 miles) per hour. The birds are trained for saddle and sulky racing, but they get tired easily and are not well suited for training. In captivity they may live up to 50 years.