Question

The final stable community in an ecological succession is termed as
a. Pioneers
b. Sere
c. Climax community
d. Carnivores

Answer 1

Ecological succession is the process by which the biological community evolves over time. The complexity of the ecological structure of a community increases as new species is formed. Ecological succession is key for the growth and development of an ecosystem. It is used to study the diversity and energy flow in the community.

Complete answer:
- The theory of succession was published by Frederic Clements in 1916.
- There are two types of ecological succession – primary and secondary. These create a continually altering set of species.
- Succession that occurs in new habitats is referred to as primary succession whereas the one that occurs following the disruption of a pre-existing community is referred to as secondary succession.
- It occurs via a series of phases – nudation, migration, ecesis, competition, reaction, and stabilization.
- The seral community is an intermediate when the ecosystem advances towards the climax community. There may be one or more seral stages before the system attains climax conditions.
- A climax community is the state of equilibrium that is created once the biotic interactions become intricate enough that no more species can be admitted.
- Changes in climate, ecological, and evolutionary processes continue to cause minor changes in the environment. Therefore, the climax stage is not definitely permanent.
- Biotic and climatic factors cause ecological succession to progress. Climatic factors include wind, fire, soil erosion, and natural disasters.

The final stable community in an ecological succession is termed as the Climax community.
Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Note: Human actions and climate change are key factors that influence ecological succession. The main driving force of ecological succession is the impact that the established organisms have on the ecosystem. Ecological succession was documented first at Indiana Dunes of Northwest Indiana. Henry Chandler Chowles established the formal concept of succession.