Question

The figure shows sex determination in humans. What are the right substitutes for the numbers 1 to 6?

Answer 1

Sex determination is defined as a process in biological system where several sexual characteristics are developed in the organism. As a result of the reproduction process, new offspring having their sexes develop.

Complete step by step answer:
Let’s discuss the question and find the correct answer.
Different types of sex determination can be observed in different species based on the presence of different types of alleles i.e. XY, ZO, ZW, XO. Sex determination in humans follow the XX/XY system of sex determination. It is found in all mammals, insects etc. According to this system, sex chromosome in female is of XX type and in males it is of XY type. The chromosome X and Y varies with each other in different aspects. Humans carry about 23 pairs of chromosome out of which 44 chromosomes are responsible for several morphological changes and the rest two are involved in sex determination. The 44 chromosomes togetherly known as autosomes and the other is called sex chromosome or allosome. If XX chromosome is present in the offspring as an outcome of sexual reproduction, the offspring will be regarded as female child and if XY chromosome is present in the offspring, the offspring will be regarded as male child.
Hence, The number 1 substitute will be a X chromosome and number 2 substitute will be Y chromosome. After reproduction, substitute 3 will be XX (female), substitute 4 will be XY (male), substitute 5 will be again XX and at last substitute 6 will be XY.

Note: In fruit flies, X centred sex detrmination process is noticed, while several birds, reptiles show ZW/ZZ pattern of sex determination and some moths show ZZ/ZO type of sex determination pattern.