Question

The fastest enzyme is
A. Urease
B. Carbonic anhydrase
C. Trypsin
D. Pepsin

Answer 1

Hint:- Enzyme is a biochemical substrate that acts as a catalyst in living organisms that regulates the rate of biochemical reactions. Chemically, they are proteins made up of one or more amino acids chain called polypeptide chains.

Complete step-by-step solution:-
Several numbers of enzymes are found inside the living cells that maintain or regulate the reaction and rate of reactions. Each enzyme has its own ability or characteristics. Some enzymes are hasty and some are very slow. Carbonic anhydrase is one of the fastest enzymes while lysozyme is the slowest enzyme. One molecule of carbonic anhydrase enzyme can hydrate 106 molecules of CO2 per second. This reaction is 107 times faster than reactions that take place in the absence of carbonic anhydrase. This enzyme is highly effective in both reactions that they catalysed and in their choice of reactants, which are called substrates. A complicated reaction becomes simple when the hydration of carbon dioxide is catalyzed by an enzyme called carbonic anhydrase.
Urease is an enzyme that hydrolyzed the urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide. Trypsin and pepsin are digestive enzymes which hydrolysed the protein into amino acids.
As per the above discussion the correct option of this question is option B.

Additional Information:-
Seven percent of carbon dioxide is transported and dissolved in plasma and the rest of 93 % is dissolved in RBCs. In plasma 70% dissolved as bicarbonate. Bicarbonate is more soluble in blood than oxygen. It is associated with hemoglobin to form carbaminohemoglobin which further dissociates and releases carbon dioxide when it reaches the lungs. Here carbon dioxide unites with water and forms carbonic acid in presence of carbonic anhydrase in RBC. This enzyme removes water molecules from a compound, and the carbonic acid separates to form bicarbonate ions which are exchanged with chloride ions in the plasma.

Note:- The most abundant enzyme on the earth is Rubisco that involves in fixation of carbon in photosynthesis, this enzyme plays a key role in the formation of organic compounds from inorganic compounds.