Question

The experiment which led to the discovery of nucleus was performed by :
A. Goldstein
B. J.J. Thomson
C. Dalton
D. Rutherford

Answer 1

Firstly we should be clear what exactly is the potassium. Both as an element and mineral and it is an element we get that Potassium is a chemical element with the symbol K which is derived from Neo-Latin kalium and has the atomic number $19$. Now by this we get that the correct answer would be Kalium.

Complete answer: Firstly we should be aware that the question is regarding the element of potassium and the latin name for the element.Rutherford performed his most famous invention after receiving the Nobel prize Along with Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden in , he carried out the Geiger–Marsden experiment, which proved the nuclear nature of atoms by deflecting alpha particles passing through a thin foil of gold. Rutherford asked Geiger and Marsden in this experiment to look for alpha particles with very high deflection angles, which is a property not expected from any theory of matter at that time. These deflections were rare, but found and proved to be a smooth but high-order function of the deflection angle.
Rutherford found in his scattering experiment that all the positive charge is concentrated in a small fraction of total volume of the atom in the nucleus.

Therefore the correct option would be option D, Rutherford.

Note: Ernest Rutherford was a British physicist who was born in New Zealand who is known as the father of nuclear physics. Rutherford discovered the concept of radioactive half-life. He discovered radioactive element radon, and differentiated alpha and beta radiation and gave them . This experiment was performed at McGill University in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. For this great invention he was awarded a nobel prize in chemistry.