Question

The eukaryotic genome differs from the prokaryotic genome because
A. The DNA is complexed with histone in prokaryotes
B. The DNA is circular and single-stranded in prokaryotes
C. Repetitive sequences are present in eukaryotes
D. Genes in the former case are organised into operons

Answer 1

Eukaryotic genomes are composed of one or more linear DNA chromosomes. A prokaryote is a species characterised by the lack of a nucleus or some other membrane-bound organelle.

Complete Answer:
- The genetic material of a cell is its genome. Genome refers to the cumulative number of chromosomes borne by each cell of the body. There is no correlation between histones. It's all in frequent proximity with the cytoplasm. Most of the genetic material is arranged into chromosomes carrying the DNA that regulates cellular function.

- The genomes of prokaryotic species is typically a spherical, double-stranded piece of DNA, of which different versions can exist at any time. The size of the genome varies considerably, but there are usually at least a few million base pairs. It is commonly referred to as a prokaryotic chromosome.

- Unlike the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell, the nucleus is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane. The nucleoid is a randomly oriented area inside the prokaryotic cell that comprises all or much of the genetic material. In prokaryotes, the genetic information is spherical, single-stranded DNA.

- Eukaryotic genetic material is a linear, double-stranded DNA. The eukaryotes are diploid. DNA is divided into several linear chromosomes in the nucleus. It is combined with histone proteins to form nucleosome groups. It's isolated by a nuclear membrane.

So the correct option is B, the DNA is circular and single-stranded in prokaryotes.

Note: Genome is the full genetic knowledge of either DNA or RNA. In certain viruses or animals, the number of base pairs is normally expressed. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes contain non-coding DNA.