Question

The equipotential surface of an electric dipole is:
A. A sphere whose centre coincides with the centre of the electric dipole
B. A plane surface inclined at an angle of ${45^\circ }$ with the axis of the electric dipole
C. A plane surface passing through the centre of the electric dipole and perpendicular to the axis of the electric dipole
D. Any plane surface parallel to the axis of the electric dipole

Answer 1

Hint : In order to the question, to know the exact option, we will go through the whole concept of equipotential surface of an electric dipole and how the plane surface will pass through the axis of electric dipole.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
Equipotential surface is a surface over which the potential due to any charge configuration is the same throughout.
Since the distance of each point on a plane passing through the centre of the electric dipole and perpendicular to the axis of the electric dipole is equal, the potential throughout the plane is zero. Hence, it is one possible equipotential surface.
Equipotential surface is the area in space where each point on it is at the same electrical potential. We need to show an equipotential surface because of an electric dipole. Electric dipole is the arrangement of two same extent however inverse nature charges which are isolated little separation from one another.
The locus of all points's surface, which exists at a similar potential, is called the equipotential surface. There is no work essential to move a charge from one point to another on the equipotential surface. In simple words, any surface having the same electric potential at every point is referred to as an equipotential surface.
Thus, the correct option is C. A plane surface passing through the centre of the electric dipole and perpendicular to the axis of the electric dipole.

Note :
We have to show an equipotential surface due to an electric dipole. Electric dipole is the system of two same magnitude but opposite nature charges which are separated very small distance from each other.