Question

The enzymes are basically made of:
a. Nucleic acids
b. Proteins
c. Fats
d. Vitamins

Answer 1

As you know there are numerous reactions taking place in the body, what do you think how these reactions occur? The answer to this question is that this is possible only due to the presence of enzymes. The enzymes are the main component required for the proper functioning of the body.

Complete answer:
The enzymes help in carrying out the reactions taking place in our body. The enzymes are the “biological catalysts” which catalyze the chemical reactions. You won’t believe it but enzymes help a reaction to occur about 1000 times faster.

The enzymes accelerate the chemical reaction by acting upon the substrates and converting them into products. The enzymes lower the activation energy required for the reaction to take place. Activation energy is the energy required for any reaction to take place. The enzymes reduce the activation energy of the reaction so that the reaction can occur with less amount of energy and thus reduces the time required. All the metabolic pathways occur due to action of various enzymes.

Basically, the enzymes are composed of proteins. These consist of the one or more number of polypeptide chains which entangle to form a complete enzyme. The enzyme has an active site where the substrate binds and gets converted into a product after reacting with the particular species of molecules. The enzymes are categorized into various groups on the basis of the reactions they catalyze. These can be oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases, isomerases and ligases.

Hence, the correct answer is option (B).

Note: enzymes play a very important role in working of our body, but it is necessary to control or regulate their functioning. This can be achieved by the regulatory factors which influence the working of the enzymes by coordinating them. The regulators can be inhibitory (which block or stop the working by switching it off) or can be promoted (which switch them on).