Question

The element ${\text{Z = 114}}$ has been discovered recently. It will belong to which of the following family/group and electronic configuration?
${\text{1)}}\;{\text{Carbon family,[Rn] 5}}{{\text{f}}^{{\text{14}}}}{\text{6}}{{\text{d}}^{{\text{10}}}}{\text{7}}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}{\text{7}}{{\text{p}}^{\text{2}}} \\\ {\text{2)}}\;{\text{Oxygen family, [Rn] 5}}{{\text{f}}^{{\text{14}}}}{\text{6}}{{\text{d}}^{{\text{10}}}}{\text{7}}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}{\text{7}}{{\text{p}}^{\text{4}}} \\\ {\text{3)}}\;{\text{Nitrogen family, [Rn] 5}}{{\text{f}}^{{\text{14}}}}{\text{6}}{{\text{d}}^{{\text{10}}}}{\text{7}}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}{\text{7}}{{\text{p}}^{\text{6}}} \\\ {\text{4)}}\;{\text{Halogen family, [Rn] 5}}{{\text{f}}^{{\text{14}}}}{\text{6}}{{\text{d}}^{{\text{10}}}}{\text{7}}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}{\text{7}}{{\text{p}}^{\text{5}}} \\\$

Answer 1

Atomic number of a compound gives us the information about its position, that is, its group and period in the periodic table. We can write the electronic configuration of the compound and can identify its position in the periodic table.

Complete step by step answer:
The electronic configuration is the basic identity of an element by which we can get information about its position in the periodic table. We can identify its group, period, and can explain its properties and can say to which group of elements it belongs to. If we have the atomic number, we usually write the electronic configuration using the Aufbau principle. Instead of writing the whole electronic configuration, we usually write the electronic configuration of an element using the electronic configuration of the nearest noble gas to it in the periodic table. Here we have Radon ${\text{[Rn]}}$ as the noble gas having an atomic number as 86. Then we will write the remaining electronic configuration by calculating the number of electrons to be filled in the remaining orbitals and we will get the electronic configuration as;
${\text{[Rn] 5}}{{\text{f}}^{{\text{14}}}}{\text{6}}{{\text{d}}^{{\text{10}}}}{\text{7}}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}{\text{7}}{{\text{p}}^{\text{2}}}$
We know that Carbon has atomic number 6 and has the electronic configuration as ${\text{1}}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}{\text{2}}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}{\text{2}}{{\text{p}}^{\text{2}}}$.
From these two configurations we came to know that the new element will belong to the carbon family as both of their p-subshells are getting filled according to the Aufbau principle.

So, the correct answer is Option A .

Additional Information:
Aufbau principle is used to write the electronic configuration of an element if its atomic number is given. The rule states that the molecular orbitals are filled in the increasing order of their energies, starting with the orbital of least energy.

Note: Electronic configuration is the basic information about an element. We will write the electronic configuration according to the atomic number and thereby we can get information about the characteristics of an element in the periodic table.