Question

The electrostatic force of attraction between cation and anion is called___________.

Answer 1

Hint : cation and anions are ions both having different net electrical charges. Cations are ions having a net positive charge and anions are ions having a net negative charge. As both ions have opposite charges, they attract each other and form bonds.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
When cation and anion come close to each other, having opposite net electric charges they both experience a force of attraction to form a bond, this force of attraction is called an electrostatic force of attraction. It is just like how the two opposite poles of a magnet attract each other. And the bond that the cation and anion form is an ionic bond. This force of attraction holds them together as a unit.
The ionic bond which is formed between the cation and anion is very strong. In this, there is a complete transfer of electrons from one molecule to the other. There is a huge electronegativity difference between the two ions when there is a formation of this bond.
To understand this we can take an example of a simple molecule: $NaCl$
So in $Na$ there is $1$ electron in the outermost shell and in $Cl$ there are $7$ electrons in the outermost shell. It will be difficult for $Cl$ to transfer $7$ electrons so $Na$ transfers it $1$ electron to $Cl$ and there is a bond formed between them.

As we can see in the above picture, bond formation between $Na$ and $Cl$ which results in the formation of $NaCl$ molecule. And the force of attraction with which the bond is formed is called the electrostatic force of attraction.

Note :
In physics, this electrostatic force of attraction is also called coulomb’s law, named after French physicist Charles-Augustin de Coulomb. And this force of attraction between two oppositely charged bodies is calculated using formula $F = k\difrac{{{q_1}{q_2}}}{{{r^2}}}$ .