Question

The disease as a result of prolonged clotting time is due to the lack of plasma thromboplastin component necessary to the formation of thromboplastin, is
A. Christmas disease B
B. Hypoprothrombinemia C
C. Haemophilia
D. Stuart disease

Answer 1

Hemophilia B is also known as Christmas disease is a blood clotting disorder caused by an inherited mutation of the gene for Factor IX, which causes a deficiency of Factor IX. This causes easy bruising and bleeding in individuals affected. It was named the Christmas disease as the first patient-reported to suffer from it was named Stephen Christmas.

Complete answer: Hemophilia B is a less common disease of the hemophilia group of diseases where there is a deficiency of Factor IX. Factor IX is an important biochemical protein factor produced by our body that plays a role in the cascade of reaction responsible for the production of thromboplastin.
Hemophilia B is also known as the Christmas disease as the first patient recorded to suffer from it was named Stephen Christmas. And, also by the fact that the first publication of this disease was done in the Christmas edition of the British Medical Journal.
The symptoms of Christmas disease include easy bruising, urinary tract bleeding, nosebleeds, and bleeding into joints.
Factor IX deficiency leads to an increased hemorrhage, which can be caused even by mild trauma. Factor IX deficiency can cause interference of the coagulation pathway, thereby causing spontaneous hemorrhage. Factor IX activates Factor X which helps convert fibrinogen to fibrin. Factor IX becomes active by cofactor factor VIII where the platelets provide a binding site for this activation:
Factor IX is the thromboplastin component needed to form the thromboplastin (Factor X)

Therefore, the correct option is A.

Note:
Hemophilia B should not be confused with hemophilia A. The major difference is the deficiency of the clotting factor. In hemophilia B there is a deficiency of Factor IX and in hemophilia A there is a deficiency of Factor VII. Hemophilia A is much more common than hemophilia B.
All other options mentioned are also blood clot-related disorders where hypoprothrombinemia is a disorder where there is a deficiency of prothrombin or Factor II which causes impaired blood clotting and Stuart disease is a disorder where the Stuart Power Factor is deficient or Factor X causing difficulties in blood clotting.