Question

The diagram given is that of a structure present in a human kidney. Study the same and answer the questions that follow.
Name the structure represented in the diagram.

Answer 1

The kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped organs on either side of your back, behind your ribs and behind your belly. Each kidney is roughly 4 or 5 inches long, about the size of a large fist. In each kidney, there are approximately a million small filters.

Complete answer:
It is the obligation of the kidneys to purify the blood.They eliminate waste, regulate the fluid balance of the body, and maintain the right electrolyte levels. Several times a day all the blood in your body flows through them.

Blood reaches the kidney, waste is removed, and if necessary, salt, water and minerals are altered. Into the bloodstream, the filtered blood goes out.

Waste is converted into urine, which collects a funnel-shaped structure in the kidney's pelvis and drains down a tube called the bladder ureter.
There are about a million tiny philtres called nephrons in each kidney.
The structure represented in the diagram is Nephron.

A filter, called the glomerulus, and a tubule are included in any nephron. The nephrons function in a two-step process: the blood is filtered by the glomerulus, and the tubule returns the appropriate substances to the blood and eliminates waste.

It joins a cluster of small blood vessels, the glomerulus, as blood flows through each nephron. The glomerulus's thin walls allow smaller molecules, waste, and fluid to move into the tubule, mostly water. The blood vessel retains larger molecules such as proteins and blood cells.

The tubule has a blood vessel flowing alongside it. The blood vessel reabsorbs almost all the water, along with minerals and nutrients the body requires, as the filtered fluid travels along the tubule.
The tubule helps the blood expel excess acid. The leftover tubular fluid and waste are urine.

Note: A long tubule, or exceptionally fine tube, about 30-55 mm (1.2-2.2 inches) long is each nephron in the mammalian kidney. This tube is closed, extended, and folded at one end into a double-walled cuplike system. This structure, or Bowman's capsule, is called the renal corpuscle capsule.