Question

The determination of sex of the child depends on the chromosome of ______
A. Female
B. Male
C. The child itself
D. None of the above

Answer 1

There are 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans i.e., 46 chromosomes out of which 22 pairs of chromosomes are autosomes as they are present in the somatic cells and one pair of the chromosome is sex chromosome that is present in the gamete cells.

Complete answer:
Sex determination allows one to understand what sexual characteristics will be developed in that individual due to the sex chromosomes inherited from their parents. The sex chromosomes are present in the germ or gamete cell which can be a male gamete cell or female gamete cell.
Option A) Females have egg cells called as female gamete cells and have female sex chromosomes, XX. As females have both X chromosomes and during meiosis one of the X chromosomes is passed on to the progeny.
Option B) Males have sperm cells that are male gamete cells and have female sex chromosomes, XY as males have one X chromosomes and the other is a Y chromosome, and during the meiosis one of the X or Y chromosomes is passed on to the progeny. If the Y chromosome is passed on to the developing zygote and if the other is the X chromosome inherited from the mother, the progeny will then have the XY chromosome and will develop male sexual characteristics. If the X chromosome from the father is passed to the progeny and the other X chromosome comes from the mother, the progeny will have XX chromosome and develop female sexual characteristics.
Options C and D) The child inherits the genetic material from the mother and father and also the sex determination is based on the type of sex chromosome passed on from the father so options C and D are ruled out.

Hence, the correct answer is an option (B).

Note:
There are various chromosome systems like XX/XY sex-determination system, Y- centered, X-centered, XX/X0, ZW/ZZ, ZZ/Z0 sex determinant system is various organisms, out of which humans have XX/XY sex-determination system.