Question

The correct starting material and end product of different disintegration series is/are
A) $^{232}Th{,^{208}}Pb$
B) $^{235}U{,^{206}}Pb$
C) $^{238}U{,^{207}}Pb$
D) $^{237}Np{,^{209}}Bi$

Answer 1

Elements beyond Bismuth are all radioactive in nature. These radioactive elements disintegrate to give new elements and so on. The process is continued till a non-radioactive end product is reached.
The whole chain of such elements starting from the parent radioactive element to the end non-radioactive element is called a radioactive series or a family''.

Complete step by step answer:
Types of Disintegration Series:
There are four disintegration series.
Thorium Series or $4n$ series: A series in which the mass number of all the elements of this series are divisible by 4.
Neptunium Series or $(4n + 1)$ Series: The mass number of the elements of this series when divided by 4, the remainder is always one. The elements formed in this series are not found in nature. It is called artificial series.
Uranium Series or $(4n + 2)$ Series: The mass number of the elements of this series when divided by 4, remainder is always 2.
Acti Uranium Series or $(4n + 3)$ series: The mass number of the elements of this series when divided by 4, remainder is always 3.
1. Thorium series starts with $^{232}Th$ and ends with $^{208}Pb$
2. Actinium Series or $(4n + 3)$ series; starts with $^{235}U$ and ends with $^{206}Pb$
3. Uranium series: starts with $^{238}U$ and ends with $^{207}Pb$
4. Neptunium Series or (4n+1) Series ; starts with $^{237}Np$ and ends with $^{209}Bi$

**Therefore all the four options are correct

Note: **
Radioactivity is the phenomenon of emission as a result of the spontaneous disintegration of alpha-beta and gamma rays within the nucleus of an atom. Since radioactive disintegration is a continuous process hence a series can be drawn which is known as radioactive disintegration series.