Question

The correct sequence of events in the production of a polypeptide is
A.initiation, termination, elongation
B.elongation, termination, initiation
C.termination, elongation, initiation
D.initiation, elongation, termination

Answer 1

Hint:- The process of arrangement of polypeptide is known as translation. In the translation,process ribosomes get connected to mRNA and help the particular tRNA to get a site to base-pair with triplet codons present on mRNA and add the particular amino acid to the chain.

Complete step-by-step solution:-
Translation is a cycle by which the genetic code contained inside a messenger RNA (mRNA) atom is decoded to deliver a particular grouping of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.
It happens in the cytoplasm following transcription and, similar to transcription, has three phases: inception, prolongation and end.
- Initiation:
For translation to start, the beginning codon 5'AUG must be perceived. This is a codon explicit to the amino acid methionine, which is almost consistently the primary amino acid in a polypeptide chain.
At the 5' cap of mRNA, the little 40s subunit of the ribosome ties. Consequently, the bigger 60s subunit tries to finish the initiation complex. The subsequent stage (elongation) would now be able to begin.
- Elongation:
The ribosome has two tRNA binding sites; the P site which holds the peptide chain and the A site which acknowledges the tRNA.
While Methionine-tRNA involves the P site, the aminoacyl-tRNA that is complementary to the following codon ties to the A site, utilizing energy yielded from the hydrolysis of GTP.
Methionine moves from the P site to the A site to attach to new amino acids there, thus the development of the peptide has started. The tRNA particle in the P site no longer has a connected amino acid, thus leaves the ribosome.
The ribosome at that point moves along the mRNA molecule to the following codon, again utilizing energy yielded from the hydrolysis of GTP. Presently, the developing peptide lies at the P site and the A site is open for the binding of the following aminoacyl-tRNA, and the cycle proceeds. The polypeptide tie is developed toward the path from the N terminal (methionine) to the C terminal (the last amino corrosive).
- Termination:
One of the three stop codons enters the A site. No tRNA molecules tie to these codons so the peptide and tRNA in the P site become hydrolysed delivering the polypeptide into the cytoplasm.
The little and huge subunits of the ribosome separately prepared for the following round of translation.
So,The correct option is D.

Note:- Translation is the process of development of proteins through the mRNA strand. This cycle happens in three principle steps:
- Initiation is the initial step of interpretation where protein combination begins.
- Elongation is the subsequent advance, here the development of polypeptide happens increasingly more of amino acids are incorporated and the chain got extended.
- Termination is the last step where the synthesis of proteins stops and the arrangement of polypeptide chain ends.