Question

The correct match between Item-I and Item-II is:

Item-I	Item-II
A)Chloroxylenol	P) Carbylamine test
B)Norethindrone	Q) Sodium hydrogen carbonate test
C)Sulphapyridine	R) Ferric chloride test
D)Penicillin	S) Baeyer's test

A. ${\text{A}} \to {\text{Q; B}} \to {\text{P; C}} \to {\text{S; D}} \to {\text{R}}$
B. ${\text{A}} \to R{\text{; B}} \to {\text{P; C}} \to {\text{S; D}} \to Q$
C. ${\text{A}} \to R{\text{; B}} \to S{\text{; C}} \to P{\text{; D}} \to Q$
D. ${\text{A}} \to Q{\text{; B}} \to S{\text{; C}} \to P{\text{; D}} \to R$

Answer 1

Carbylamine test: This test is used for the detection of primary amines in the compound.
Sodium hydrogen carbonate test: This test is used to distinguish between the carboxylic acid and phenol.
Ferric chloride test: This test is used to determine the presence of phenol in a compound.

Complete step by step solution:
First of all let us talk about the test given here.
Carbylamine test: This test is used for the detection of primary amines in the compound. If the primary amine i.e. amine group attached to ${1^ \circ }$ carbon, is present in the compound then it will give positive carbylamine test. In this reaction when amines (which contain primary amine groups) do the reaction with chloroform in presence of alcohol potassium hydroxide then carbonyl amines are formed. This test is not given by secondary or tertiary amines. So this is used to distinguish between primary, secondary and tertiary amines.
Sodium hydrogen carbonate test: This test is used to distinguish between the carboxylic acid and phenol. In this reaction when compound is allowed to react with sodium bicarbonate if we get carbon dioxide as a product then it confirms the presence of carboxylic acid if not then it confirms the presence of phenol.
Ferric chloride test: This test is used to determine the presence of phenol in a compound. In this test first add water or mixture of water and alcohol in the compound and then add few amount of dilute ferric chloride in the solution then after reaction we get red, blue, green or purple colour then it confirms the presence of phenol group in the compound if not then no phenol group will be there.
Baeyer's test: This test is used to determine the alkene i.e. presence of carbon-carbon double bond and alkyne i.e. carbon-carbon triple bond In the given molecule. In this test we add alkaline potassium permanganate (which is pink colour solution) to the molecule if we get colourless solution after the reaction then it confirms the presence of alkene or alkyne group in the compound.
Now the compound Chloroxylenol is para chloro meta xylenol which has a phenol group in the structure. Norethindrone contains alkyne group i.e. unsaturation compounds. Sulphapyridine contains one primary amine group. And penicillin contains carboxylic acid groups. So the test is: Chloroxylenol will give positive ferric chloride test. Norethindrone will give Baeyer's test. Sulphapyridine will give positive carbylamine test and penicillin will give positive sodium hydrogen carbonate test.
Hence, ${\text{A}} \to R{\text{; B}} \to S{\text{; C}} \to P{\text{; D}} \to Q$.

So, option B is correct.

Note: Saturated compounds are those which have alkanes i.e. only have carbon-carbon single bonds. And unsaturated compounds are those which have alkenes and alkynes i.e. carbon-carbon double and triple bonds.