Question

The components of a mixture of two miscible liquids having boiling differing by $20^\circ \;{\rm{C}}$or more can be separated by:
A.Chromatography
B.Distillation
C.Separating funnel
D.Sublimation

Answer 1

Distillation is a technique used in purification of liquid or separation of liquid components from a mixture. In this process, the liquid is heated to its boiling point to result in vapor and again condensing vapor into liquid.

Complete step by step answer:
Let’s discuss the distillation process in brief. There are two types of distillation, simple and fractional distillation. In simple distillation, liquids are purified by bringing them to their boiling point and after that collecting and then condensing them back to liquid. This process is useful when small impurities present in the mixture or liquids to be separated have a wide difference in boiling point. In the given question, the difference of boiling point of the two liquids is very high. So, the distillation process is used to separate them. Hence, option B is correct.
Let’s discuss the incorrect options.
-The principle of chromatography method of separation is that components are separated on the basis of their differential distribution between two phases, stationary phase and mobile phase. So, option A is incorrect.
-Separating funnel is mainly used to separate immiscible liquids. So, option C is incorrect.
-Sublimation process is used to separate the sublimating substance from a mixture of solid. In the sublimation process, a solid directly changes to gas or vice-versa. So, option D is not correct.

Hence the correct option is B.

Note:
In the separation of components of liquid, if the boiling points of the components are close to each other is done by fractional distillation. If components of a mixture have a wide difference in boiling point, then a simple distillation process is used.