Question

The coloured components in blue-black ink are separated through chromatography because:
A.The coloured component soluble in water rises faster
B.The coloured component insoluble in water rises faster
C.The coloured component soluble in water rises slowly
D.None of above.

Answer 1

Chromatography is a process to separate the mixture. The mixture is mixed in a fluid (gas, solvent or water) which is known as mobile phase (i.e. movable phase), which carries it through a system on which a material is fixed, called stationary phase.

Complete step by step answer:
First of all let us talk about chromatography.
Chromatography: It is a process to separate the mixture. It involves two phases: one is stationary and other is mobile. Stationary phase is a porous solid and the mobile phase is the liquid in which we add the mixture for performing chromatography.
The principle of working of chromatography is that mixture applied onto the surface or into the solid, and fluid stationary phase (stable phase) is separating from each other while moving with the help of mobile phase.
Working of chromatography: In chromatography generally we use solvent on filter paper. Then a drop of mixture (the solution to which we want to perform chromatography) is spotted near one end of the paper and then placed it to be dried. After that end of the paper which is nearest to the spot is dipped into the solvent without submerging the spot itself. Then the solvent (which is used for the chromatography process) will rise faster.
Applications of chromatography:
Chromatography is used to separate the colours of ink. It is also used in DNA fingerprints. It is used in crime scene testing and nucleic acid research, etc.
Here in the question we are given with the application of chromatography i.e. colour separation of ink. We know that in chromatography we have to choose solvent and then accordingly solvent separates the components. So the coloured components in blue-black ink are separated through chromatography because the coloured components which are soluble in water will rise faster. The component which is not soluble in solvent will not rise.

Hence option A is correct.

Note:
There are four types of chromatography: liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, thin-layer chromatography and paper chromatography. Paper chromatography is used in the separation of coloured components of ink.