Question

The ‘Christmas disease’ patient lacks antihemophilic
A. Homogentisic acid oxidase
B. Factor VIII
C. Factor XI
D. Factor IX

Answer 1

Haemophilia is a genetically inherited disorder that impairs the body's ability to make blood clots.
- Blood clotting is a process needed to stop bleeding.
-Antihemophilic means the ability to stop bleeding.

Complete step by step answer:
-There are two main types of Haemophilia. They are- Haemophilia A, which occurs due to low amounts of clotting factor VIII, and Haemophilia B, which occurs due to low levels of clotting factor IX.
-They are mainly inherited from one's parents through an X chromosome carrying a non-functional gene.
-There are 12 blood clotting factors-
Factor I - fibrinogen
Factor II - prothrombin
Factor III - tissue thromboplastin (tissue factor)
Factor IV - ionized calcium (Ca++)
Factor V - labile factor or proaccelerin
Factor VII - stable factor or proconvertin
Factor VIII - antihemophilic factor
Factor IX - plasma thromboplastin component or Christmas factor
Factor X - Stuart-Prower factor
Factor XI - plasma thromboplastin antecedent
Factor XII - Hageman factor
Factor XIII - fibrin-stabilizing factor

So, the answer is D. Factor IX, which is the Christmas factor and acts as an antihemophilic factor.

Additional information:
-The other types of Haemophilia include Haemophilia C, which occurs due to low levels of factor XI, and Parahaemophilia, which occurs due to low levels of factor V.
-Acquired Haemophilia is associated with cancers, autoimmune disorders, and pregnancy.
The complications that arise due to Haemophilia are internal bleeding, joint damage from hemarthrosis, intracranial hemorrhage etc.

Note:
-The liver must be able to use Vitamin K to produce Factors II, VII, IX, and X.
-Infants secrete less Vitamin K as they are not immune.
-Natural food sources such as spinach, broccoli, cauliflower, parsley etc. can help to increase Vitamin k.