Question

The charring of sugar takes place when treated with concentrated ${H_2}S{O_4}$. What is the type of reaction involved in it?
A. Dehydration reaction
B. Hydrolysis reaction
C. Addition reaction
D. Disproportionation reaction

Answer 1

The chemical reaction, a process wherein at least one substance, the reactants, is changed over to at least one unique substance, the products. We have to know that substances are either synthetic compounds or mixtures. A chemical reaction adjusts the constituent particles of the reactants to make various substances as products.

Complete step by step answer:
Let us now define the types of chemical reactions that are mentioned in the options.
We can say dehydration reaction is otherwise known as condensation reaction (or) Zimmer’s hydrogenesis. Dehydration reaction is a change that includes the deficiency of water from the atom or particle that is reacting. Dehydration reactions are regular processes, the converse of a hydration reaction.
We can say hydrolysis is any chemical reaction where an atom of water breaks at least one chemical bond. The term is utilized comprehensively for elimination, replacement and solvation reaction where water is the nucleophile.
We can say an additional reaction is a natural reaction where at least two molecules join to shape a bigger one. An additional reaction is the converse of an elimination reaction. There are two primary sorts of polar addition reaction: electrophilic reaction and nucleophilic reaction. Addition reactions are additionally experienced in polymerizations and called addition polymerization.
We can say that a disproportionation reaction is otherwise called a dismutation, a redox reaction wherein one compound of moderate oxidation state converts to two mixtures, one of higher and one of lower oxidation states. In a disproportionation reaction, a similar component is at the same time oxidized and reduced.
Based on definitions of chemical reactions, we can identify the type of chemical reaction when charring of sugar is treated with concentrated sulfuric acid as dehydration reaction because when sugar is charred, molecules of water are lost and dark black residue is obtained. In this reaction, concentrated sulfuric acid plays the role of dehydrating agent.
Therefore, Option (A) is correct.

Note: Dehydration reaction as synthesis (or) combination reaction where two molecules are combined to give a new product and water molecule is also eliminated. We can call dehydration reaction a condensation reaction because in these reactions two molecules are condensed with loss of molecules of water, and we can get new products.