Question

The cell wall of fungi and bacteria contain
A. N-acetyl glucosamine
B. Glucosamine
C. Mannose
D. Cellulose

Answer 1

The structural layer that surrounds the cell is called the cell wall. It is present just outside the cell membrane or plasma membrane. It is a chemical that comes from the outer shells of shellfish, which are also present in the cell wall of fungi and bacteria.

Complete answer: The cell wall is the outermost layer that surrounds the cell membrane of certain types of cells. It is sometimes tough, flexible and sometimes rigid, varying for different types of cells. It plays a major role in providing both structural support and protection to the cell and also acts as a filter. The cell wall can be found in most of the prokaryotes, fungi, eukaryotes, including plants but it is not present in animals. The composition of the cell wall varies between species, depending on the cell type and developmental stage. The fungal cell wall mainly consists of glucans, chitin microfibrils and glycoproteins. The chitin microfibril is a biopolymer of unbranched chains of N-acetylglucosamine residues with glucosamines. It is the main component of the fungal cell wall. In the case of bacterial cell walls, peptidoglycans or murein is the major component. The peptidoglycan is a large polymer composed of disaccharides glycan cross-linked by amino acids (peptides) monomers. The backbone of the peptidoglycan is composed of two derivatives of glucose; N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid.
Hence, the correct answer is option A.

Note: The exoskeleton of arthropods such as crustaceans and insects, the radula of molluscs and the beaks of cephalopods are also composed of chitin. Chitin is also known as fungal cellulose. All bacteria are prokaryotes, whereas all fungi are eukaryotes.