Question

The causative agent of Japanese encephalitis is
A)Bacteria
B)Virus
C)Prions
D)Fungi

Answer 1

It is an infectious agent and is submicroscopic organisms that replicate inside the living cells of organisms. It also infects all the types of life forms from animals and plants to microorganisms. They are found in every ecosystem on the earth.they are the most numerous type of biological entities.

Complete answer:
Japanese encephalitis is caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus causing infection of the brain. Most audience actions result in no symptoms but occasionally inflammation in the brain occurs in such cases symptoms may include headache, vomiting, fever, and seizures.
The causative agent of Japanese encephalitis infection-
-It is caused by the virus mainly flavivirus which is transmitted to man by a mosquito. It causes the infection of the central nervous system. This virus incidentally affects animals and men.
Transmission of flavivirus -
-Culicine mosquito species are the prominent vectors of this virus. Humans become infected when they are bitten by mosquitoes infected with flavivirus.
-This mosquito species feed on outdoor vertebrate animals other than humans. The natural cycle of this virus is maintained in these mosquitoes, vertebrate animals, and some birds such as herons, egrets, etc.
-Under favorable conditions mosquito bites humans and this virus infects humans incidentally.

Additional Information: There are three stages of this disease namely the prodromal stage, acute encephalitis stage, and late stage.
1)Prodromal Stage - in this stage the disease is acute and comes with fever often with rigors. Other symptoms include headache, nausea, and vomiting. The central nervous system is not involved in this stage.the period of infection is variable in this stage. It is as short as 24 hours and as long as 14 days.
2)Acute encephalitis stage - the symptoms include stiff neck, muscular rigidity, mask-like face, dehydration, and loss of weight. Other symptoms include consciousness, excitement and confusion, continuous fever, signs of the focal central nervous system and altered sensorium are predominant. In some, the conditions get worsened by a comma.
3)Late-stage - symptoms include slow speech, aphasia, and paresis. Therefore, this stage is marked by the recovery or persistence of signs of the central nervous system.

So, the correct answer is,” Virus”.

Note: -Japanese encephalitis is caused by the virus through the bite of infected mosquitoes. This infection is most common in rural and agricultural areas.
-Most of the cases of this infection are mild but some cases cause serious brain swelling with sudden headache and also include high fever and disorientation.
-Antibiotics are not effective against these viruses. So, prevention is the best form of treatment for Japanese encephalitis.