Question

The book ‘Descent of man and selection in relation to sex ’ was written by
A) Charles Darwin
B) J.B . Lamark and C. Darwin
C) F.B. Sumner and E. Darwin
D) Robert Brown

Answer 1

This book was written by the scientist who gave the theory of natural selection and he is author of the very famous book “Origin Of Species”. And this book was considered as the foundation of evolutionary biology.

Step by step answer: ‘Descent of man and selection in relation to sex’ was written by the father of evolution, Charles Darwin. During his voyage to Galapagos Island, he observed that there are many different types of small birds there (later called Darwin finches) which he conjectured that they all have evolved on the same island originally from the seed-eating bird. This process of evolution of many different species of finches from a single species in the same geographical area is called adaptive radiation.
-J.B Lamark was the author of the famous book ’Philosophie zoologique ’. He is also known for the theory of ‘Inheritance of acquired character’. And his theory of evolution is known as ‘Lamarckism’.
-Robert Brown was famous for the discovery of the nucleus but he got the main popularity for the discovery of phenomena called the ‘Brownian Movement’. He discovered the nucleus while studying the epidermis of an orchid under a microscope.
Additional information:
Theory of natural selection: According to this theory, there are many individuals who show variation with each other and these variations are heritable and the individual with better traits is selected by nature and the population of that species increases than other species.
Example: An interesting example of natural selection comes from the industrial revolution of England (started in the 1850s). There two types of moths were present, Black and white moth. Before the revolution, the number of white moths was more as they were able to camouflage in the white background of Lichen, so they were protected from their predators. But after the industrial revolution, the number of black ones started to increase, as due to the pollution amount of lichen started decreasing in number and the white moth can be easily spotted by the predator from the black background of bark.

Note: In nature not any species is completely wiped out. Their number may decrease but cannot completely vanish. This phenomenon is also called industrial melanism and the scientific name of those moths were, Biston betularia.