Question

The blood leaves the glomerulus through
A. Afferent arteriole
B. Efferent arteriole
C. Renal portal veins
D. Renal veins

Answer 1

The Glomerular corpuscles are a part of the nephron found in the renal cortex of the kidney. This consists of a clump of capillaries known as the glomerulus and surrounded by a capsule called the glomerular capsule. The blood enters the glomerulus through the afferent arteriole and the blood within the waste diffuse through the glomerular capillaries and the filtered blood leaves through the efferent arteriole.

Complete answer: The glomerular corpuscle consists of two components, namely the glomerulus and the glomerular capsule or bowman’s capsule. The glomerulus is a lump of highly knotted capillaries where different and afferent blood vessels or arterioles meet. The main function of the glomerulus is to filter out the afferent blood, diffuse the filtrate through the capsule to the nephron and send the filtered blood back through the efferent blood vessels.
The glomerular capsule ensures appropriate protection and a microenvironment for the diffusion of blood impurities through the capillaries. The glomerular corpuscles are the most important part of the nephron, as this is where the entirety of the blood filtration takes place.
As the impurities have diffused out, it moves to the nephron where water is reabsorbed, and the impurities move to the collection duct. This collection duct extends into the renal medulla to form bigger channels of converging collection ducts. These ducts then empty the content into the ureter and down the urinary bladder.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B. Efferent arteriole

Note:
The glomerular capsule is also called the bowman capsule and is the main functional filtering unit of the nephron. Capsule and corpuscle should not be used interchangeably, and care must be taken while naming the structures.
The renal portal veins are a circulatory system found in vertebrates other than mammals where glomerular filtration is absent or downregulated. As the question clearly pertains to the glomerulus, it is not the correct answer. The renal vein drains the filtered blood from the entire kidney, but the question clearly states the glomerulus, therefore, it is also not the correct answer.