Question

The basal metabolic rate (BMR) in body cells is regulated by
A. Parathyroid
B. Thyroid
C. Pituitary
D. Thymus

Answer 1

The hormone secreted by this gland can regulate our weight, internal temperature, hair, skin, energy level, nail growth, etc.

Complete answer:
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the rate of endothermic animal's energy expense per unit of time at rest. The basal metabolic rate is the amount of energy a person uses per unit of time to sustain the body working at rest. Certain processes involve breathing, blood circulation, body temperature regulation, cell development, nerve and brain function and muscle contraction. The BMR affects the rate of a person's calorie burning and finally whether the person retains or gains or loses weight.
The parathyroid gland secretes parathyroid hormones that regulate calcium level in the blood.
The thyroid gland regulates the basal metabolic rate of a person by secreting thyroid hormone. Thyroxin (T3) and triiodothyronine (T4) are the two similar molecules referred to by thyroid hormone. Both T3 and T4 connect to the receptors of mitochondria that cause increase in the production of ATP, transcription of genes and results in the higher metabolism of the cell.
Pituitary gland produces prolactin hormone that stimulates milk development by acting on the breasts. This gland controls growth, blood pressure, sexual maturation, and many other important physical functions and processes.
The thymus gland produces and releases thymosin hormone that is essential for T cell development and production.

Thus, the correct answer is option B. i.e., Thyroid.

Note: The BMR affects the rate of a person's calorie burning and finally whether the person retains or gains or loses weight. The basal metabolic rate accounts for approximately 60% to 75% of the daily calorie spending by a person.