Question

The aural organisms for African sleeping sickness is
A. Trypanosoma cruzi
B. Trypanosoma rhodesiense
C. Trypanosoma tangelo
D. Trypanosoma gambiense

Answer 1

Sleeping sickness is caused by a parasite that belongs to the genus Trypanosoma. They are found in two forms: Trypanosoma gambiense and rhodesiense. Trypanosoma gambiense has more evident symptoms and also affects the central nervous system.

Complete answer:
Some of the parasites transmitted by infected tsetse flies can cause sleeping sickness. It is endemic in 36 sub-Saharan African countries. Human African trypanosomiasis, are also known as sleeping sickness. It is a vector-borne parasitic disease. It belongs to a parasite of the genus Trypanosoma. These are found in sub-Saharan Africa though only certain species transmit the disease. They are transmitted to humans by tsetse fly. Human African trypanosomiasis is mainly found in two forms: Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. Trypanosoma rhodesiense is found in 13 countries in eastern and southern Africa. It can result in 2 percent of reported cases and cause an acute infection. This develops rapidly and invades the central nervous system.
Trypanosoma gambiense is found in 24 countries in west and central Africa and can result in 98 percent reported cases of sleeping sickness. It can also cause chronic infection. It can also affect the central nervous system.If proper treatment is not taken it can cause death of the individual.
From the above information we have found that Trypanosoma gambiense can cause human cases of sleeping sickness.

Hence, the correct answer is option (D).

Note: American trypanosomiasis also occurs in Latin America which can cause Chagas disease. Pathogen belongs to a different Trypanosoma subgenus. It is transmitted by a different vector. Subspecies of Trypanosoma genus are pathogenic to animals and cause animal trypanosomes in the wild as well as in domestic animals. In cattle, it is known as Nagana.