Question

${\text{Sodium hydroxide + Hydrochloric acid}} \to$
A. ${\text{Sodium chloride + water}}$
B. ${\text{Sodium chloride + water + heat}}$
C. ${\text{Water + heat}}$
D. ${\text{Sodium + heat}}$

Answer 1

The reaction in which an acid and a base reacts to produce salt and water is known as neutralization reaction. The neutralization reactions release heat, so these reactions are exothermic in nature.

Complete step by step answer:
The substance which donates hydrogen ions is known as acid and the solution in which the hydrogen ions are present is known as acidic solution but one condition applies here, the concentration of hydrogen ions should be more than the concentration of hydroxide ions.
The substance which accepts the hydrogen ions is known as base and the solution is known as basic solution, here also a condition is applied, the concentration of hydroxide ions should be more than the concentration of hydrogen ions. The working of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions is totally opposite.
As we can see in the given incomplete reaction that sodium hydroxide ($NaOH$) is a base and hydrochloric acid ($HCl$) is an acid. And the reactions in which acid and base reacts is known as neutralization reaction, so this is a neutralization reaction. And we know that in neutralization reaction acid and base reacts to produce salt and water, therefore the same will happen in this reaction.
Both the chemicals are strong in nature, hydrochloric acid is a strong acid and sodium hydroxide is a strong base. In these types of neutralization reactions a large amount of heat is released, so it is an exothermic reaction also.
The reaction involved is as following:
${\text{Sodium hydroxide + Hydrochloric acid}} \to {\text{NaCl + }}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}$
The salt produced in this neutralization reaction is sodium chloride ($NaCl$)

So, the correct answer is Option B .

Note:
In chemistry basically seven acids are considered as strong acids and the rest of the acids come under the category of weak and mild acids. The seven strong acids are hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, sulphuric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, chloric acid and hydrochloric acid.