Question

Ten percent law of energy transfer in food chains was given by
a. Elton
b. Haeckel
c. Lindeman
d. Schimper

Answer 1

The transfer of foot material and energy from organism to organism forms a food chain. he ten percent law in the food chain states that when organic food energy transfers from one trophic level to next trophic level then about ten percent of the transferred energy is stored like flesh. The remaining energy is lost at the time of transfer, broken down in respiration and incomplete digestion lost by the higher trophic level.

Complete answer:
Reymond Lindeman is the name who introduced the ten percent law of energy transfer in food chains. The other name of this law is Lindeman’s trophic efficiency rule. When the energy transfers from one trophic level to the next then the amount of energy in the previous trophic level decreases. The energy released in the form of heat during respiration i.e., why only 10% of the energy is available for the next level.

The earliest textbook of animal ecology was written by Charles Elton in 1927. The development of population and community ecology is associated with Elton which includes invasive organisms’ studies.

There are many zoological expeditions which are made by Ernest Haeckel that contribute directly to the illustration of over 4 thousand new species descriptions of marine invertebrates.

The fact that starch is both the source of stored energy and product of photosynthesis for plants is established by Andreas Franz Wilhelm Schimper in 1880. He shows that starch grains are formed within the cells of plants in certain bodies.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Note: The food chain helps the transfer of food and energy from one level to the next level. The top trophic level in the food chain always has the least energy. The left 90% of the energy in ten percent law is used for the metabolic processes or release in the form of heat. There are very rare food chains or food webs that consist of more than four trophic levels.