Question

Summer sleep of cold-blooded animals is called as
A)Hibernation
B)Neoteny
C)Aestivation
D)Paedogenesis

Answer 1

It is similar to hibernation showing the state of animal dormancy taking place in the summer instead of winter. Remaining in the dormant phase during unfavorable summer months are the characteristic of some animals. They become dormant when there is water scarcity or intense heat.

Complete step by step answer:
-The animal that is not able to control their body temperature. Hence, become inactive in the cold weather known as cold-blooded animals. Animals such as reptiles, fishes and amphibians are cold-blooded animals.
-Aestivation is the same as hibernation. It is the summertime version of hibernation. During Aestivation animals undergo their state of dormancy to decrease the effect of high temperature or drought.
-During aestivation, animals do not go fully dormant as compared to the animals who hibernate in the winter
-Aestivation is shown by desert animals And a variety of them like snails, ground squirrels, etc. some show aestivation & hibernation. e.g. Snails show hibernation/aestivation according to the availability of water. Ground squirrels aestivate in summer and hibernate in winter.
-Desert Amphibians. show aestivation/dormancy Ex. Spadefoot toad – has a spur-like projection on the hind leg for digging. In the drought period, it starts digging & burrows in the soil. It encloses itself in gelatinous material, mud, sand & remains there for 8-9 months. It wakes up with 1st showers of rain & life cycle is completed in 3 months.

So, the correct answer is, "Aestivation".

Additional information: Hibernation - finding food in the winter is difficult for some animals and their main source of food is insects or green plants. To solve this problem animals undergo hibernation.
-Animals undergo deep sleep to help them to save energy and survive the winter season without eating much. The temperature of the animal body is dropped and also the heartbeat and the breathing process become slow so that animals do not waste much energy. Most of the animals eat extra food and store it as body fat before going to hibernation which they use as energy while sleeping.
Neoteny - Without losing Juvenile characteristic, when organisms attained maturity is known as neoteny.
Example - retention of gills in an adult or sexually active while still in the Larval stage
Paedogenesis - is a process of reproduction by larval invertebrates that produce a new generation. It is a form of parthenogenesis.

Note:
-Aestivation is characterized by inactivity and low metabolic rate of animals when they undergo dormancy in response to high temperature and dry conditions.
-To avoid damage from the high temperature and to avoid the risk of desiccation, the vertebrate and invertebrate animals are known to enter this state