Question

Statement I: The freezing of water is an exothermic process
Statement II: Energy is released when covalent bonds are formed
A) True, True
B) False, False
C) False, True
D) True, False

Answer 1

There are various phase transitions that occur between the phases of substances which includes solid, liquid and gas. All these reactions involve the usage of heat energy. It is either dissipated or absorbed during these reactions.

Complete step by step answer:
Let’s first understand the process of freezing;
Freezing is the process of conversion of a liquid phase into a solid phase.
Now, let’s learn an exothermic reaction;
Exothermic reactions are reactions or processes which, typically in the form of heat or light, release energy. Energy is produced in an exothermic reaction when the total energy of the materials is below the total energy of the reactants. There are also endothermic reactions, which is an opposite process, which involves the absorption of heat energy.
Coming to the question;
As freezing is a first-order phase transition, the transition requires latent heat. If a liquid absorbs thermal energy, its temperature decreases before the liquid 's temperature approaches the temperature of the phase transition. The temperature of the substance remains constant at that point, but heat energy is still released. Once the freezing is done, additional thermal energy loss results in a drop in the temperature of the solid phase.
So, the first statement is true.
While freezing, as there is a decrease in energy, the individual molecules move slowly. Eventually, they form covalent bonds with the neighbouring molecules, this also results in the release of energy and leads to freezing.

So, the correct answer is Option A.

Note:
We have to understand that heat from the freezing water must be continuously removed or the process of freezing will stop. Because there are chances for this heat to be again absorbed and leading to another phase transition involving endothermic reactions.