Question

Statement I: All atoms of the same element are identical.
Statement II: All atoms of the same element have the same number of protons.
(A) Statement I and statement II are correct and statement II is the correct explanation of statement I
(B) Both the statements statement I and statement II are correct and statement II is not the correct explanation of statement I
(C) Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect.
(D) Statement II is correct but statement I is incorrect.
(D) Both the statements I and II are not correct.

Answer 1

Here, the two statements are given and we have to find out whether these are correct or not and also study the characteristics of the atoms of the same element. We know that the atomic number of an atom is given by the number of protons in the nucleus of that atom. An atomic mass number is given by the sum of the number of neutrons and number of protons. From this we have to find the correct answer.

Complete answer:
Now let us study the two statements given:
Statement I: In statement I it is said that all the atoms of the same elements are identical but this statement is not true because the atomic number though depends on the proton number but they are not same in chemical properties so this is an incorrect statement.
Statement II: In statement II it is said that the atoms of the same element have the same number of protons; this is true because the atomic masses of the atoms depends on the protons and number of neutrons and it is true that all the atoms of the same element have same number of protons.
Hence, the correct answer is option D.

Note:
Here, we understand that the atomic number of the atom depends on the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. And the different atoms of the same element will have the same number of protons but may differ in their masses and chemical properties.